Part of my works....

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分詞構句

1. 定義：顧名思義，這種句型是由分詞為主導，所形成的特殊句構。
   
2. 種類：
   1. 由對等連接詞所轉化而來的分詞構句
      步驟  a) 將對等連接詞and省略
      b) 將對等連接詞後的主詞省略
      c) 將主要動詞改成現在分詞
      例句：
       Jack wants to ask Mary out, so he called me yesterday and he asked for Mary’s cell phone number. Jack wants to ask Mary out, so he called me yesterday and he asked for Mary’s cell phone number. Jack wants to ask Mary out, so he called me yesterday and he asked for Mary’s cell phone number.
       Jack wants to ask Mary out, so he called me yesterday and he asking for Mary’s cell phone number.
       Jack wants to ask Mary out, so he called me yesterday, asking for Mary’s cell phone number.
   2. 由形容詞子句所轉化而來的分詞構句
      步驟  a) 將主格關代省略
      b) 倘若有be動詞，一概該為Being, 也可省略
      c) 動詞若是為主動，改為Ving；被動改為p.p.
   3. 由副詞子句所轉化而來的分詞構句
       獨立分詞構句
      步驟  a) 將從屬連接詞省略
      （倘若會造成語意不明，仍可保留）
      b) 倘若有be動詞，一概該為Being, 也可省略
      （進行式與被動式的be動詞以保留為佳）
      d) 由於從屬子句的主詞不同於主要子句的主詞，二者皆保留
      c) 動詞若為主動，改為Ving；被動改為p.p. 非獨立分詞構句
      步驟  a) 將從屬連接詞省略（倘若會造成語意不明，仍可保留）
      b ) 倘若有be動詞，一概該為Being, 也可省略
      c) 由於從屬子句的主詞（前者）與主要子句的主詞（後者）相同，
      保留後者
      d) 動詞若為主動，改為Ving；被動改為p.p.
3. 轉換時的原則：
   1. 將配角省略
   2. 通常是轉換為現在分詞
   3. 過去分詞，其實是Being+ p.p.的省略型
   4. 只要是副詞子句/從屬子句，都可以轉化
   5. [假設法]的句型，較少使用分詞構句
   6. [讓步式]的副詞子句，亦較少使用分詞構句
      
4. 相較於分詞扮演句子的主詞時：
   例句：扮演主詞 Being wounded by a spear drove Achilles mad.分詞構句 Being wounded by a spear , Achilles was driven mad.
   例句：扮演主詞 Arrested by L.A.P.D. police force has made this gunshot outlaw lose his “reputation”.分詞構句 Arrested by L.A.P.D police force , this gunshot outlaw lost his “reputation”.
   例句：扮演主詞 Teaching accounting in UCLA for ten years is what Professor Lin
   takes pride in himself for this.
   prides himself on this
   is proud of himself for this.分詞構句 Teaching accounting in UCLA for ten years , Professor Lin
   takes pride in himself.
   prides himself on doing this.
   is proud of himself.